Epithalon minangka bioaktif tetrapeptida ditemokaké lan olahan liwat pasinaon fungsi saka kelenjar pineal. Urutan asam amino spesifik yaiku Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly.
Sajrone taun 1980-an, Ilmuwan Rusia nindakake riset sistematis babagan peran pangaturan kelenjar pineal ing macem-macem proses penuaan biologis.. Bioaktif molekul cilik pecahan peptida padha diisolasi lan ditondoi minangka bagéan saka karya iki;
Epithalon dhewe dikembangake saka siji fragmen aktif kasebut. Optimisasi peptida iki nyebabake sintesis buatan sing sukses.
Kagolong kategori peptida bioregulasi sing luwih ditetepake, Epithalon khusus ngenali wangun tartamtu saka ekspresi gen lan sakteruse fungsi seluler.
Extensive in vivo and various types of in vitro experiments have shown that it uniquely activates the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) – the catalytic subunit of telomerase – which is a near universal core mechanism of cellular aging.
Telomerase synthesizes (and to a large extent compensates for) the loss of telomere length at chromosome ends; repeated cell division causes this loss. Extending telomere length directly improves the in vitro replication limits of cells, slowing all associated ‘signs’ of true cellular aging.
Animal models have demonstrated significant effects from Epithalon: biological lifespan extension, at least partial reversal of age-related physiological decline, immune system regulation, inhibition of (some) tumorigenesis, and to a point endocrine balance restoration.
Modifying key gene expressions and possessing (kanggo sawetara gelar) sifat antioksidan diyakini minangka panyebab kabeh sing kasebut ing ndhuwur. Epithalon, minangka asil, tetep senyawa bioaktif Highly dianggep ing kabeh baris riset anti-tuwa.
urut-urutan
H-Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly-OH
Nomer CAS
307297-39-8
Formula Molekul
C14H22N4O9
Bobot Molekul
390.35
Riset saka Epithalon
1.Efek Anti-tuwa
Telomeres minangka kompleks DNA-protein khusus sing ana ing ujung kromosom eukariotik. Fungsi utamane yaiku nglindhungi ujung kromosom supaya ora diakoni minangka karusakan DNA; nyegah samubarang bentuk degradasi kromosom iku penting banget. Saben divisi sel nyebabake nyepetake tipis saka telomer kasebut.
Tekan dawa minimal micu replikatif tuwa utawa macem-macem mekanisme respon karusakan DNA; penahanan divisi sel (khusus ing fase G1) lan sekresi sakteruse saka sawetara hormon sing digandhengake karo tuwa seluler minangka asil pungkasan.
Telomerase, a ribonukleoprotein reverse transcriptase, ningkataké sintesis DNA telomere iki lan nambah maneh menyang mburi kromosom – ngimbangi shortening sadurungé. Epithalon khusus ngaktifake gen TERT sing tanggung jawab kanggo kegiatan iki, dhasar ngatur telomerase.
Pasinaon model kewan nuduhake injeksi periodik kanggo nambah umur, tundha pirang-pirang aspek penurunan fisiologis sing gegandhengan karo umur, nyuda (cedhak rampung eliminasi) macem-macem pathologies saka tuwa, lan ngubengi modulasi jalur senescence kunci.
2.Efek antioksidan lan anti-inflamasi
Drosophila melanogaster minangka model sing mapan kanggo evaluasi peroksidasi lipid tingkatan. Sajrone tahap larva tambahan saka 0.00001% Epithalon kasil nyandhet Tambah samesthine ing peroksidasi ngandika. Antioksidan sing kuat lan efek anti-inflamasi sing akeh dituduhake dening asil iki.
Panaliten kapisah sing nyinaoni macem-macem konsentrasi Epithalon ing pangembangan awal nemokake lalat diwasa sing diwasa lan tuwa dadi panampa utama efek kasebut.. Genotoksisitas ora diamati.
3.Potensi Antitumor
Epithalon nyuda ketidakstabilan kromosom; pambusakan kromosom lan macem-macem wujud mutasi langsung mengaruhi DNA biologis. Kekurangan DNA biasane dadi panyebab utama sel karsinogenesis.
Panaliten buta kaping pindho jangka panjang nuduhake pengurangan langsung ing kedadeyan tumor lan macem-macem saka perawatan Epithalon.. Peran aktif kanggo nyegah aspek sing luwih spesifik saka perkembangan tumor uga diamati. Nambani tumor kanthi ukuran lan lokasi sing padha, therapy long-term karo Epithalon ngasilaken ing Ngartekno cilik wutah tumor sakteruse.
4.Efek Regulasi Endokrin
Epithalon minangka agen bioaktif sing bisa mengaruhi prilaku sel endokrin lambung.
Eksperimen nggunakake tikus setengah baya weruh kelenjar pineal dibusak saka subyek; klompok eksperimen nampa administrasi Epithalon terus. Ngetung sel sing ngasilake gastrin lan sel sing ngasilake somatostatin nuduhake pengawetan sing meh sampurna saka sing dikarepake. sel endokrin jinis dibandhingake kontrol. Ngilangi mundhut lengkap sel kasebut sawise ngilangi pineal minangka indikasi sing jelas babagan efek Epithalon ing paling ora sawetara bentuk prilaku sel endokrin lambung..
5.Fungsi Regenerasi lan Repair Tisu
Epithalon nuduhake podho tartamtu kanggo retinoid. Examining retinal tissue morphology in middle aged mice, continuous Epithalon treatment preserved all retinal structures; complete retinal destruction was seen in untreated mice.
Retinal layers treated with Epithalon maintained their integrity, with increases in what can only be described as ‘functional activity zones’. A clinical trial of patients (162 total, various ages) with retinitis pigmentosa is currently being followed; visual acuity improvements of 0.15-0.25 have been reported, along with all round visual field coverage (kanggo sawetara gelar). Side effects have not been reported.
6.Improving Metabolic Function
Ing 2004, another experiment on macaque monkeys demonstrated Epithalon’s effect specifically on blood glucose levels. Young and aged monkeys received intramuscular injections of Epithalon; subsequent blood glucose measurements were taken.
Prior to administration, kethek umur nuduhake tingkat glukosa getih awal sing luwih dhuwur. Pangukuran post-dosis nuduhake pengurangan sing jelas lan ditandhani ing tingkat kasebut kanggo kethek sing luwih tuwa. Bali menyang baseline (paling sak wentoro) diamati sewulan sawise mandheg administrasi.⁶
7.Regulasi Sistem Kekebalan
Panaliten nggunakake kultur organotipik fibroblas tikus primer lan macem-macem eksplan kulit tikus nuduhake sawetara wujud fungsi pangaturan sistem kekebalan sing dituduhake dening Epithalon., paling ora ing jaringan kulit.
Analisis sel sing diobati nuduhake tambah (Ngartekno mangkono) SOD-1 lan ekspresi NQO1 – loro-lorone minangka penanda antioksidan/enzimatik sing didokumentasikake kanthi apik. Ningkatake jinis 'imun’ utawa paling ora protèktif, fungsi peraturan iku soko ilmuwan wis nuding minangka asil positif.
8.Neuroprotection lan Peningkatan Kognitif
Kapasitas sinau dadi fokus sawetara pasinaon; pangayoman lan ndandani neuron (efek antioksidan minangka bagean gedhe saka proses iki, bebarengan karo neurotransmitter luwih subtle lan dandan related faktor neurotrophic near-term) yaiku apa sing bisa ditindakake dening Epithalon.
Peningkatan kemampuan sinau ing monyet umur minangka asil langsung saka kabeh faktor kasebut ing ndhuwur.
COA
HPLC
MS
