Selank

Selank

Selank

Selank, possessing the amino acid sequence H-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH, is a potent and long-lasting anti-anxiety drug.

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Selank, possessing the amino acid sequence H-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH, is a potent and long-lasting anti-anxiety drug.

Derived from the retention and subsequent modification of a tuftsin core fragment, this process significantly enhances its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier; unique central nervous system activity is a direct result of said modification.

Since the beginning of this century numerous clinical trials have been performed on Selank; complex pharmacological properties spanning multiple modalities and multiple potential targets have been documented.

A stable mechanism of action is what makes Selank particularly valuable; rebound effects do not occur upon discontinuation.

Neurological diseases benefit from a triple regulatory path: neurotransmitters, neuroplasticity and immune system regulation.

Sequence

Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro

CAS Number

129954-34-3

Molecular Formula

C33H57N11O9

Molecular Weight

751.887

Research Of Selank

1.Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Effects

Its core function is the regulation of the balance within key neurotransmitter systems in the brain.

Modulating the transmission of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) specifically, along with various regulatory effects on serotonin and dopaminergic systems, leads to excellent anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects.

Enhanced hippocampal neuronal plasticity has also been shown; cognitive enhancement (learning, memory consolidation, attention being prime examples) is at least partially attributable to this line of regulation.

The retention of the original tuftsin core allows for significant efficacy in regulating the cellular immune status, cytokines (interferon being one of the better studied) – an immunomodulatory effect the body can use to cope with various stress.

Clinical studies support the improvement of mood and enhanced psychological resilience that Selank facilitates.

2.Anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects

Unlike traditional anti-anxiety and antidepressant drugs, selank does not act directly on GABA receptors.

Instead, it works by regulating various key neurotransmitters within the brain.

Experiments have shown that selank enhances the transmission efficiency of this inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA; inhibiting excessive neuronal activity and subsequently anxiety being the primary outcome of this process.

Further regulation of neurotransmitters – dopamine being a prime example – allows selank to significantly increase the nervous system’s stress resilience.

Mood swings and associated positive/negative feelings of pleasure are at least partially controlled; stable, long term anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects are the result.

Notable side effects (drowsiness, cognitive impairment, addiction being the most well documented) are avoided, making selank a uniquely positioned treatment for certain neurological diseases.

3.Enhancing Cognitive Function and Promoting Neuroplasticity

Selank has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing cognitive function.

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is the focus of much of this research; upregulation of its activity is central to neuronal survival, differentiation and all forms of synaptic plasticity.

Hippocampal cells specifically show increased BDNF related activity when treated with selank.

Neural reorganization through new connections has been observed – memory consolidation, learning ability and attention/concentration all improve.

Clearer thinking, faster information processing and positive results in cognitive tests have all been recorded in patients.

4.Neuroimmune System Regulation

Tuftsin is a natural immune peptide.

Selank retains a core fragment of tuftsin, thus possessing a powerful, though subtle, immunomodulatory effect.

Neuromodulation and this neuro-immune interaction are complementary.

Chronic stress studies show Selank to be particularly well suited to psychological and physiological adaptation.

Improved or at least balanced immune responses contribute to the end result of these mechanisms.

Psychological and physical well-being are interdependent.

5.Potential for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder and agitation

Some reports indicate that selank influences the connection between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex; promoting fear extinction being one of the more directly observable effects.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder and various forms of agitation fall under this category as primary targets for treatment.

Animal experiments have shown a significant reduction of agitation-induced fur-puffing behavior, a validated measure of pure agitation.

Scientists have begun to speculate the mechanisms behind this – regulation of at least some aspect of the serotonin system being a leading theory, stress adaptation being enhanced in multiple studies.

Related research is still ongoing, but exploring these potential lines of treatment is important; treating the aforementioned diseases (psychiatric or otherwise) remains a significant and achievable goal.

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(1) Doyno, C. R.; White, C. M. Sedative-Hypnotic Agents That Impact Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptors: Focus on Flunitrazepam, Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid, Phenibut, and Selank. J Clin Pharmacol 2021, 61 Suppl 2, S114-S128. DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1922  From NLM Medline.

(2) Kasian, A.; Kolomin, T.; Andreeva, L.; Bondarenko, E.; Myasoedov, N.; Slominsky, P.; Shadrina, M. Peptide Selank Enhances the Effect of Diazepam in Reducing Anxiety in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Conditions in Rats. Behav Neurol 2017, 2017, 5091027. DOI: 10.1155/2017/5091027  From NLM Medline.

(3) Kolik, L. G.; Nadorova, A. V.; Antipova, T. A.; Kruglov, S. V.; Kudrin, V. S.; Durnev, A. D. Selank, Peptide Analogue of Tuftsin, Protects Against Ethanol-Induced Memory Impairment by Regulating of BDNF Content in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex in Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019, 167 (5), 641-644. DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04588-9  From NLM Medline.

(4) Kolik, L. G.; Nadorova, A. V.; Seredenin, S. B. Selank Inhibits Ethanol-Induced Hyperlocomotion and Manifestation of Behavioral Sensitization in DBA/2 Mice. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016, 162 (1), 56-59. DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3544-6  From NLM Medline.

(5) Kost, N. V.; Sokolov, O.; Gabaeva, M. V.; Grivennikov, I. A.; Andreeva, L. A.; Miasoedov, N. F.; Zozulia, A. A. [Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum]]. Bioorg Khim 2001, 27 (3), 180-183. DOI: 10.1023/a:1011373002885  From NLM Medline.

(6) Neznamov, G. G.; Teleshova, E. S.; Bochkarev, V. K.; Koschelev, V. V.; Syunyakov, T. S. P.3.036 Novel anxiolytic Selank: Results of thePhase II clinical trials. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2005, 15, S159-S160. DOI: 10.1016/s0924-977x(05)80332-3.

(7) Slominsky, P. A.; Shadrina, M. I.; Kolomin, T. A.; Stavrovskaya, A. V.; Filatova, E. V.; Andreeva, L. A.; Illarioshkin, S. N.; Myasoedov, N. F. Peptides semax and selank affect the behavior of rats with 6-OHDA induced PD-like parkinsonism. Dokl Biol Sci 2017, 474 (1), 106-109. DOI: 10.1134/S0012496617030048  From NLM Medline.

(8) Sollertinskaja, T. N.; Shorochov, M. V.; Myasoedov, N. F. The cerebroprotective effects of Semax and Selank in primates at different types of neurosis. International Journal of Psychophysiology 2008, 69 (3). DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.356.

(9) Sollertinskaya, T. N.; Shorokhov, M. V.; Kozlovskaya, M. M.; Kozlovskii, I. I.; Sudakov, K. V. Compensatory and antiamnestic effects of heptapeptide Selank in monkeys. Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology 2008, 44 (3), 332-340. DOI: 10.1134/s0022093008030101.

Sequence:

Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro

CAS:

129954-34-3

M.W:

751.887 g/mol